How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain.This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methods-to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Division on Engineering and Physical Sciencesįirst released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior.Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education.Likewise, many who are born brilliant may not have great vocabularies.Help Ordering Information New Releases Browse by Division Browse by Topic However, you don't necessarily need good problem solving skills to have a great vocabulary. You also need it in order to be considered an intelligent member of society. You generally acquire it over many years through learning. Vocabulary is a classic example of crystallized intelligence. On the other hand, crystallized intelligence represents your ability to solve problems based on your knowledge and skills. This type of intelligence tends to be readily applicable to many types of problems. Fluid Intelligence vs Crystallized Intelligenceįluid Intelligence refers to your ability to reason and solve new problems. But, it takes fluid intelligence to be able to accurately understand the concepts within. Processing words quickly and efficiently is important for reading. Within reading, your ability to comprehend concepts correlates more with intelligence than your ability to process and understand words. Reading Skills: Reading Comprehension vs Basic Reading In order to do word problems well, you need to take knowledge from multiple domains, quickly process abstract information into concrete numbers, and then do the arithmetic. If you think about what it takes to do a word problem, this makes sense. Your ability to read and understand a problem about when a train will arrive at a station matters more than your ability to crunch the numbers. Within math, your ability to do word problems correlates most strongly with fluid intelligence. Source: A meta-analysis on the relation between fluid intelligence and reading/mathematics: Effects of tasks, age, and social economics status. Likewise, you can be terrible at math and reading while having high fluid intelligence. It is possible to be great at math and reading without extraordinary intelligence. While both correlations are highly significant, it's important to note that these are by no means perfect correlations. They used statistics to combine the results from all of these studies in order to create a summary of what today's best research tells us about math vs. Researchers at UT Austin determined this through a thorough meta-analysis of 680 studies. Math is just slightly more correlated than Reading, however this difference is so small that it is overshadowed by differences between different skills within these disciplines. Math and Reading abilities are both similarly correlated with fluid intelligence. It turns out, both are very important for intelligence. However, a well-read elementary school student could probably write a better essay than even our best algorithms. One could argue that computers have easily mastered mathematics. Similarly, many writers and lawyers believe that language is challenging to master and requires a great deal of intelligence as well. Many mathematicians were geniuses in their own right, just look at Leonhard Euler, who published more than 500 books and papers. You have to be pretty smart to do calculus. Many math whizzes believe that math requires a lot of intelligence. Which is more important for intelligence: Math or Reading?
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